Monday, January 16, 2012

Yediot Klaliot Translation

Anything that is not translated here is just memorization.  Good luck!!


Yediot Klaliot

Sayings- page 1
1.  Put a fence around Torah
            Refers to mitzvoth de rabanan, which we do to prevent violating mitzvoth from the torah
2.  The world stands on 3 things- torah, davening, and good actions.
            “Avodah” can also mean literal work
3.  Make a rav for yourself and buy a friend.
            A rav is to be a spiritual guide for you.  Why buy a friend?  Because friendships are conditional- you’re friend will not like you if you are evil and awful to them.
4.  Always give everyone the benefit of the doubt
5.  If I am not for myself, then who will be for me?  However, if I am only for myself, than what am I?  And if not now, when?
            You can’t sit around and wait for people to do things on your behalf.  But you also cannot only focus on yourself.  And you should not put anything off- seize the moment.

Rosh Hashannah and Yom Kippur- pages 3-4
1.  After bnay yisroel sinned on chait ha egel, Moshe went up on Har Sinai for 40 days and davened for the Jews and received the new luchot.  Now these are established days of doing teshuvah and HaShem forgives us (from rosh chodesh elul à yom kippur)
2.  A perek from tehilim that we have a minhag of saying from rosh chodesh elul à shmini atzeret.
3.  Our tfilot in which we daven to HaShem for mercy.  Main component- 13 attributes of mercy.  We say these tfilot before shacharit from week before rosh hashanna à yom kippur
4.  The first day of RHS never falls out on Sunday, Wednesday, and Friday.
5.  Prayer we say in front of bait din of 3 men to cancel out vows. 
6.  A perek from tehilim we say 7 times before we blow shofar on RHS
7.  Special foods- apple in honey, head of fish, pomegranite, etc.
8.  1st day of RHS (except if its Shabbat) we go to a body of water with fish and “throw our sins into the sea”
9.  10 days between RHS and YK.
10.  The Shabbat between RHS and YK.  We read a special haftorah.
11.  On erev YK there is a minhag to take a chicken or money for tzedakah and wave it around your head.
12.  The prayer we say right before Kol Nidray in which we forgive everyone who sinned against us.
13.  1st tefilah of YK.  Purpose- cancel vows we’ve taken throughout the year and in the future.
14.  A poem written by ___ which describes the holiness and fearfulness of YK.
15.  Acknowledging your sins verbally.  We say it 10 times.
16.  We read Yonah during mincha of YK.
17.  Last prayer of YK.  Mean locking, and the gates of heaven are being locked.
18.  5 things you cannot do on YK-
19.  Other names for Succot
20.  “4 minim”-
21.  The 21st of tishray, 7th day of Succot.  Real last day for someone to do teshuvah.  We bang the aravot down on this day.
22.  We say the prayer for rain on Shmini Atzeret during musaf and we start saying “Mashiv Ha Ruach.”

Sayings- Page 6
1.  Bad for the wicked, and bad for his neighbor.
2.  Say little and do a lot
3.  Who is wealthy?  He who is happy with what he has.
4.  Who is strong?  One who defeats his yetzer haRah
5.  Don’t look at the vessel, but rather what’s inside of it.
6.  The honor of your friend should be more valuable to you than your own.
7.  Make Torah routine and a part of your life.
8.  Love your friend as yourself.

Korbanot- Page 8
1.   Olah- burn the whole thing.  Given when people go up on the shalosh regalim or if they did not do a mitzvat asey
2.  Chatat- burn a portion and the kohanim eat a portion.  Brought if you sin by accident for a sin that would give you karet
3.  Asham- burn a portion and a portion the kohanim eat.  Brought at the end of a person’s nazirut and when someone’s tzara’at ends
4.  Shlamim- Hashem, the kohanim, and the person who brings it get a portion.  Bring it whenever you feel happy and want to bring a voluntary korban.

Korban tamid- korban brought every day at the times of shacharit and mincha

Sayings- Page 10
1.  People should run to do a mitzvah
2.  Jews are all responsible for each other’s actions
3.  One mitzvah drags along another mitzvah
4.  One sin drags along another sin
5.  If a mitzvah comes to your hands don’t let it slip away
6.  You can go up in holiness, but you cannot go down
7.  A mitzvah that occurs regularly has precedence over an uncommon mitzvah

Page 11
1.  613 mitzvoth in the torah.  248 positive commandments and 365 negative commandments
2.  Positive time bound mitzvoth- only become a mitzvoth at a certain time

Laws of Food- Pages 11-12
1.  Animal- split hooves and chews cud
2.  Fish- fins and scales
3.  Birds- no symbols, rather we eat birds that we know are kosher through oral tradition.  Most non-kosher birds are listed in the torah
4.  Nevayla- kosher animal killed without schitah.  Cannot be eaten
5.  Trayfa- an animal that did get schitah but they found a wound when they checked it that could’ve caused it to die.  You cannot eat it.
6.  A kosher, scheted animal has to also be salted to remove blood and fats, and then rinse.
7.  Mitzvah to separate a piece of dough from a large batch of dough if it is made from the 5 grains.  Today, we burn the piece of dough.  Must be 3lb 11 oz.
9.  Any vessel that you purchase that was manufactured by a non-Jew must be rinsed in a mikvah
10.  A meal that you have to give honor to the fulfillment of a mitzvah.
11.  Say 100 brachot a day
12.  Take a corner of field and leave it for poor people to harvest for themselves
13.  First fruits of the 7 minim brought to the BHM to thank HaShem for all the goodness he provides us.
14.  7 year agricultural cycle, where the 7th year we are not allowed to work the land.  Any fruits or veggies that grow anyone can eat.
15.  After 7 cycles, the 50th year you cannot work the land, free all the slaves, and any land sold returns to the original owner.

Sayings- Page 14
1.  From your suffering you will benefit
2.  It’s not the learning that’s important, rather the actions
3.  Stay away from lies
4.  Tshuvah, davening, and charity remove a bad decree
5.  Guard what comes out of your mouth carefully

Tefilah- Page 15
Shomah Esreh has 3 sections (lists brachot of each section)
1.  It is preferable to daven with a lot of people because that is the best way to honor the King
2.  Bracha we say to thank HaShem after-
1. Someone who is sick gets better, 2.  Someone gets freed from prison, 3.  Someone travels safely through the desert, 4.  Someone who arrived safely from travelling overseas.
3.  Prayer we say on Shabbat before rosh chodesh to announce the new month
4.  Every holiday we say a special prayer to elevate the neshama of those who died
5.  People who prayed at sunrise- best time to daven
6.  Blessing the Kohanim- done every day in Israel but only sometimes not in Israel.
7.  Prayers said Friday night to welcome Shabbat
8.  Tehilim about destruction of BHMK and galut
9.  When the chazzan repeats Shmoneh Esreh
10.  The blessings of shacharit before psukey dzimra
11.  The blessings of praise to Hashem from Baruch Sheamar and Yishtabach
12.  Blessing we say at the beginning of the month after Shabbat when we start to see the moon
13.  Blessing we say when we go on a journey
14.  When they raise and roll the Torah after Torah reading
15.  The blessing they say when someone comes up for an aliyah during Torah reading
16.  
17.  Kadish of an orphan- said to remember a person's deceased parent for 11 months after the parent dies
       Full/ Partial Kadish- said by the chazan 
       Kadish of the Rabbis- said when someone finishes learning a portion of Torah (Siyum)
18.  A blessing said in vain
19.  Another name for Al Hamichya


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